Course Overview
Cervical cancer is the 4th most leading cause of death in women worldwide. It has its highest mortality rates in developing countries like Ghana. Just like most cases of cancer, early detection produces better outcomes. This training will aim at teaching you everything about cervical cancer including risk factors, ways to prevent the disease and modes of treatment.
Cervical cancer is the fourth most commonly diagnosed cancer among women. Cervical cancer is a type of cancer that occurs in the cells of the cervix, the lower part of the uterus that connects to the vagina. The cervix is a part of the female reproductive system that connects the vagina to the uterus. It plays a major role in the menstrual cycle, fertility, pregnancy, and childbirth.
Ghana is a low-middle- income country with annual diagnosed cases of 2,797 and 1,699 deaths in 2020.
cervical cancers are caused by Human Papillomavirus (HPV infections). Genital HPV infections are contracted through sexual intercourse, anal sex and other skin-to-skin contact in the genital region. When exposed to HPV, the body’s immune system typically prevents the virus from doing harm. In a small percentage of people, however, the virus survives for years, contributing to the process that causes some cervical cells to become cancer cells.
Cervical cancer typically does not cause noticeable symptoms during early stages, it’s vital that women have regular screening tests to detect any precancerous changes in the cervix that might lead to cancer. Current guidelines recommend that women ages 21 to 29 have a Pap test every three years. Women ages 30 to 65 are advised to continue having a Pap test every three years, or every five years if they also get the HPV DNA test at the same time. Women over 65 can stop testing if they’ve had three normal Pap tests in a row, or two HPV DNA and Pap tests with no abnormal results.
Early-stage cervical cancer generally produces no signs or symptoms.
Signs and symptoms of more-advanced cervical cancer include:
Risk factors for cervical cancer include:
To reduce your risk of cervical cancer:
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